明治日本海运兴国的源流与实务
The Origin and Practice of Japan's Maritime Rejuvenation in Meiji Period
杨蕾1
作者信息
- 1. 山东师范大学 历史文化学院,山东 济南 250358
- 折叠
摘要
19世纪中后期到20世纪初期,是日本全方位向西方学习,走上近代化道路的关键时期.幕末以来,以本多利明为代表的思想家主张发展海洋事业,实现"海外雄飞".明治维新之后,日本政府确立了"海运立国"的方针,在实践中走出一条优先发展海运业、进而带动其他产业发展的"海运兴国"之路.为大力发展海运业,明治政府采取了一系列措施:推动海运会社的成立、主导大型会社的重组、投入大量资金对海运会社和特定航路进行补助、制定各项鼓励海运发展的法律法规等.海运业保障了日本近代纺织业的腾飞,也大大促进了造船业、制铁业的快速进步,还带动了保险、金融、海员教育等其他产业的发展.海运成为明治日本"兴业"的保证、"富国"的手段、"强兵"的要因.但值得注意的是,这条"海运兴国"之路也伴随着日本的对外扩张,具有侵略性.
Abstract
The middle and late 19th century to the early 20th century was a critical period for Japan to learn from the West in all aspects and embark on the path of modernization.Since the end of the Shogunate,ideologist represented by Honda Toshiaki advocated Marine enterprise development and the realization of the goal"overseas expansion".After the Meiji Restoration,the government established the policy of"building a country by marine",and in practice had embarked on a road of"developing a country by marine"that prioritizes the development of the Maritime Industry and then promoted other industries.In order to develop the maritime industry more vigorously,the Meiji government adopted a series of measures:promoting the establishment of marine clubs,leading the reorganization of large-scale clubs,investing a large amount of money to subsidize marine clubs and specific routes,and formulating various laws and regulations to encourage the development of marine.The maritime industry was not only the guarantee for the rapid development of Japan's modern textile industry,but also greatly promoted the rapid progress of the shipbuilding and iron industries.Other industries,such as insurance,finance,and seaman education was developed in the meantime.The development of marine became the main reason and guarantee for Japan's prosperity and military strength in Meiji Period.
关键词
明治日本/海运业/近代化/海运兴国/航海奖励Key words
Japan in Meiji Period/maritime industry/modernization/developing a country by marine/navigation rewards引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BSS020)
2021年度山东师范大学科研创新团队(人文社科类)()
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据