Current status and prospect of esophageal cancer proton and heavy ion therapy
Objective To summarize the dosimetric advantages,clinical efficacy,limitations and future prospects of proton and heavy ion therapy in treating esophageal cancer,and to provide new directions and ideas for improving the efficacy of radiation therapy for esophageal cancer.Methods PubMed and the China Knowledge Network database were searched by using the keywords"esophageal cancer,radiotherapy,proton therapy,heavy ion therapy,carbon-ion radiotherapy".In-clusion criteria:(1)proton therapy for esophageal cancer;(2)heavy ion therapy for esophageal cancer;(3)combined ra-diation and immunotherapy for esophageal cancer.Exclusion criteria:(1)literature with obsolete data;(2)content simi-larity or duplication.A total of 38 papers were finally included.Results This paper illustrates the distinct dosimetric ad-vantages of proton and heavy ion therapy for esophageal cancer,particularly in delivering high-dose radiation locally to the tumor site while safeguarding surrounding normal organs and tissues.Additionally,the clinical efficacy of this treatment surpasses that of photon therapy.Nonetheless,limitations persist,and the potential benefits of combining it with immu-notherapy require validation through additional clinical trials.Conclusions Proton and heavy ion therapy is a promising modality,but the results of a large number of studies are needed to validate and supplement the existing clinical and pre-clinical data,so as to allow it to exert greater advantages and bring more survival benefits to patients.
esophageal cancerproton beam therapycarbon ion therapyradiotherapy
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