摘要
现代汉语中表意外、逆转、意愿、反诘的语气副词可以作为反预期标记,有些语气副词是否表达反预期要结合具体语境.表反预期的语气副词具有述谓性和灵活性,但单音节的语气副词一般不会出现在句首.在句类分布方面,多用于陈述句,且更多的使用在否定的陈述句中.在对人称代词的选择方面,第二人称"你"和第一人称"我"居多.表达反预期的语气副词具有隐含对比性、主观元语性、互动评价性、篇章衔接性等特殊的语用功能.
Abstract
In modern Chinese,modal adverbs that express accident,reversal,willingness,and rhetorical question can be used as counter-expectation markers,however,some of them have to be combined with the contexts to express counter-expectation.These modal adverbs are predicational and flexible,but monosyllabic ones usually are not used as the start of a sentence.In terms of sentence distri-bution,they are mostly used in declarative sentences and more often in negative declarative sentences.In terms of the choice of personal pronouns,the second person"ni"and the first person"wo"predominate.The modal adverbs of expressing counter-expectation have special pragmatic functions such as implicit contrast,subjective metathesis,interactive evaluation,and chapter articulation.
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