Realistic Analysis of Causal Relationships in Social Sciences——A Path of Returning Metaphysical Exploration
Empiricism,represented by Hume,ascribe causality to the law of human association habit,but the exploration of cau-sality from the perspective of traditional realism is bound to encounter this"Hume problem".Social scientist Luhmann tried to avoid this problem.Starting from the system theory of"functional structure theory",he believed that all phenomena happened by chance and promoted the status of observer to the first place.However,he took functionalism to the extreme and finally moved to the constructionist position on causality,gradually distanced himself from metaphysics and abandoned the essence of realism.Therefore,it is necessary to re-understand causality with critical consciousness.It is precisely on the basis of criticism and inheritance that Mario Bunge formed his own unique theory of causality,taking causal force,mechanism and social structure as the core of causality,recognizing the ontological nature of causality,and providing a new way of thinking for the study of causality in social science.
social sciencecausal relationshipRealismcausal forcesmechanism
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