马尔库塞对弗洛伊德文明观的继承与发展
Marcuse's Inheritance and Development of Freud's View of Civilization
王勇刚1
作者信息
- 1. 安徽师范大学 马克思主义学院,安徽 芜湖 241000
- 折叠
摘要
在弗洛伊德看来,以寻求本能的最大满足为核心的"快乐原则",是人类获取幸福的首选.更多的满足也就意味着更多的幸福,因此"快乐原则"要求的是一种无压抑的满足.但这种满足只能存在于前文明的自然状态中,文明的存续要求其必须向"现实原则"转变.文明通过对本能的"三重压抑",以有限的满足取代了无压抑的满足,也就标志着人类文明的确立.马尔库塞在此基础上提出了"操作原则"的概念,操作原则作为现实原则在资本主义社会的变形,以"额外压抑"取代"基本压抑",来换取特权阶层的额外满足,这也正是资本主义文明中异化的根源.
Abstract
In Freud's view,the"pleasure principle"with the core of seeking maximum satisfaction of instinct is the first choice for human beings to obtain happiness.More satisfaction means more happiness,so the"pleasure principle"requires a kind of uncon-strained satisfaction.But this kind of satisfaction can only exist in the pre-civilized state of nature,and the survival of civilization re-quires that it must transform into the"reality principle."Through the"triple repression"of instinct,civilization replaces unconstrained satisfaction with limited satisfaction,which marks the establishment of human civilization.On this basis,Marcuse proposed the concept of"operating principle".As a transformation of the reality principle in capitalist society,the operating principle replaces"basic repres-sion"with"additional repression"in exchange for additional satisfaction for the privileged class.It is the source of alienation in capi-talist civilization.
关键词
马尔库塞/弗洛伊德/精神分析/文明观/异化Key words
Marcuse/Freud/psychoanalysis/civilization view/alienation引用本文复制引用
基金项目
2021年度安徽高校人文社会科学研究重点项目(SK2021A0078)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据