Urban Space Politics in the California Novels by Thomas Pynchon
As a long-standing spatial paradigm,the mainstream view of the city is more inclined to historical and social relations that have shaped urban space,which is only a one-dimensional rigid product.This concept is also reflected in the overall study of the California Novels.The city is not a solidified random background.As a controlled space,the mobility of different communities,the oc-cupation and transformation of space deepens the class division.It reflects the complex class and racial contradictions in California.The city is also a productive space.In the public spaces such as streets and squares that the revolutionaries have discovered the profound meaning of space politics and space justice.
the California Novelsurbanspace politicshierarchy solidificationspace justice