Criticism of New Character Education from Care Ethics in the United States—Also on the Three Expansions of Moral Education in a Diverse Era
In the 1980s,American society saw the emergence of two different moral education orientations:character education and care ethics education.From the perspective of social reality,both arose from shared motivations including declining social credibility,diminishing influence of family education,and increasing conflicts in personal values.However,there were also differences in their targets of criticism.Character education,building upon the critical tradition of moral education,developed a focus on transmitting values,reinforcing the concept of"teachable virtues",and emphasizing communitarianism.Yet,care ethics criticized it,arguing that value transmission could cause moral education to be ideological,submerging personal values,and neglecting relational existence;"teachable virtues"could risk of prioritizing cognition over emotion,and indoctrination over permeation;and communitarianism could lead to the exclusion of others and lead to moral fragmentation.The moral education orientations of these two paths reveal three expansions in moral education in a pluralistic era,namely,expansion of subject development and social interaction,establishment and maintenance of relationships,and construction of communities.
American moral educationcharacter educationcare ethicsexpasion of moral education
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