摘要
二战后美国的基础教育一直处于变革之中,美国学区督导在每一次教育改革中都发挥了一定的作用,其角色也随当时政治、经济和社会环境的变化而处于变化中.二战后美国先后经历了六次教育改革,学区督导在这些改革中分别扮演着应用社会科学家、民主型领导者、交流沟通者、关系管理者、文化建设者等多个角色.美国学区督导参与教育改革的角色嬗变呈现出如下特点:学区督导角色的专业要求越来越高,承担的职责越来越多;学区督导角色与公共教育权力分配方式相对一致;专业性和政治性之间的张力促进了学区督导角色的嬗变.
Abstract
After World War Ⅱ,the basic education in the United States has been in the process of reform,and the school superintendents have played an important role in the education reform.The role of the superintendents evolved with the changes of the political,economic,and social environment at that time.The United States has experienced six education reforms after the World War Ⅱ.Correspondingly,the superintendents play roles as applied social scientists,democratic leaders,communicators,relationship managers,and cultural builders in different education reforms respectively.Generally speaking,the evolution of school superintendent roles in the United States after the war shows three characteristics.Firstly,the role of school superintendents is becoming more and more demanding and assumed more and more responsibilities.Secondly,the role of school superintendents is relatively consistent with the distribution of public education power.Thirdly,the tension between professionalization and politicization promote the evolution of school superintendent role.
基金项目
国家社会科学基金2020年度教育学国家一般课题(BAA200019)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据