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大学如何参与拔尖人才早期培养:美国一流大学的实践经验

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早期培养是拔尖创新人才成长的重要环节.美国一流大学借助其独有的资源优势,积极介入中小学英才教育,参与到拔尖人才早期培养过程中.围绕人才识别、人才培养、学术研究与教师培训四类核心职能,美国一流大学建立了不同类型的英才教育中心,并通过确立培养进路、重组课程体系、推动过程贯通、优化质量评估、提供心理支持等路径,构建起拔尖人才早期培养的有效模式.美国各级政府、学术机构、科技公司与公益组织提供了政策、资金、学术、平台等方面的专业支持,建立了卓有成效的支持保障体系.美国拔尖人才的早期培养在人才识别与才能发展等方面优势突出,能够兼顾弱势群体英才教育的机会公平问题,整合多方资源为校内英才教育提供有效补充,通过一流高校间的合作共建国际英才教育网,这些实践经验具有一定镜鉴价值.
How Universities Engage in the Early Cultivation of Top-notch Talents:Top American Universities'Practical Experience
Early cultivation is a crucial phase in the development of top-notch innovative talents.Leveraging their unique resource advantages,top American universities actively engage in gifted education in primary and secondary schools,participating in the early cultivation of top-notch talents.Focusing on four core functions-talent identification,talent cultivation,academic research,and teacher training,top American universities have established different types of talent education centers.Through the ways of establishing the training path,restructuring the curriculum,promoting the process of coherence,optimizing the quality of the assessment,and providing psychological support,these centers build up an effective model for the early cultivation of top-notch talents.The U.S.government at all levels,academic institutions,science and technology industry,and public welfare organizations have provided professional support in terms of policy,funding,academics,platforms,etc.,and established a fruitful support and guarantee system.The practice of early cultivation of top-notch talents in the United States has outstanding advantages in talent identification and talent development,can take into account the equity of educational opportunities for disadvantaged groups,integrates multiple resources to provide an effective supplement to in-school gifted education,and builds an international network of gifted education through the cooperation among top universities,which are of certain value as a mirror of the practice.

top-notch talentsearly cultivationtop universities in the United Statescenters for gifted education

王正青、戴月

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西南大学教育学部(重庆400715)

拔尖人才 早期培养 美国一流大学 英才教育中心

重庆市研究生教育教学改革研究重点项目

YJG232010

2024

全球教育展望
华东师范大学

全球教育展望

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.268
ISSN:1009-9670
年,卷(期):2024.53(6)