How Can Educational Institutions Unleash Human Goodness?—On the Positive Interaction between Instituions and Human Nature
Human beings have both social and self-interested attributes.Institutions play a significant role in guiding altruistic or self-interested behavior preferences and reshaping the expression of good and evil in human nature.Institutions can protect human autonomy and inhibit opportunistic behavior,but they can also gradually override human nature,potentially suppressing its benevolent aspects.Overreliance and excessive trust in institutions may lead to the alienation of institutions,transforming educational systems created by human rationality into dominant entities,with individuals becoming passive subjects shaped by these systems.This alienation prevents the dual value pursuit of institutional justice and efficiency from being realized.The current alienation of educational institutions is mainly manifested in their strictness,complexity,rigidity,and obstructiveness.To overcome the limitations and prevent the alienation,it is crucial to establish a good mechanism for the interaction between institutions and human nature.On the one hand,institutions should collaborate with human nature,recognizing that humans are beings with conscience who pursue freedom and a sense of meaning.Institutions should not violate human freedom,excessively suppress human subjectivity,but rather release the benevolent aspects of human nature.On the other hand,institutions should leverage human attributes such as cooperation and altruism to create conditions for social cooperation,promoting institutional rationalization and maximizing social benefits.The goal of modernizing educational institutions can only be achieved if people become the primary subjects of institutions,and if institutions serve to protect human dignity,respect human emotions,stimulate human agency,and optimize human social cooperation.
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