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图文关系嬗变下教科书插图的类型特征与价值定位

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以图像为主的插图系统作为教科书的重要组成部分,随着图文关系的嬗变发生了两次重大转型:在"一切知识源于感官知觉"塑造的图像认知时代,装饰型与表征型插图作为视觉化的信息渠道,装饰页面、反映文字或服务其他插图;在理性探索形成的文字符号表征时代,表征型与解释型插图成为可运行的心理模型,辅助并服务于文字信息的情境创设、认知链接与概念分析;随着20世纪心理学的发展,解释型与组织型插图构筑的学习者脚手架与文字系统整合并存,服务于学习主体在学习过程中的自我监控、知识整合与逻辑梳理.当前,装饰型、表征型、解释型与组织型插图呈现出多样的图像形态、表现特征及优劣功能,在教科书编审、使用、修订、反馈等多环节,可依据学习目标、学科特征、学习过程选择不同类型的插图,真正发挥出教科书插图"好看"与"好学"的多重育人功能.
Types and Values of Textbook Illustrations Under the Evolution of Illustration-text Relationship
As an important part of textbooks,the image-based illustration system has undergone two major transformations alongside the evolving relationship between images and text.During the era of image cognition,shaped by the belief that"all knowledge originates from sensory perception",decorative and representational illustrations served as visual information channels,either embellishing the pages or complementing other illustrations.In the era of textual symbolic representation,driven by rational exploration,representational and interpretive illustrations became operational psychological models,aiding the understanding of text and forming cognitive links and concepts.With the development of psychology in the 20th century,interpretive and organizational illustrations,integrated with the text system,began to serve as scaffolding to help learners self-monitor the integration of knowledge and logical reasoning.At present,decorative,representational,interpretive and organizational illustrations show various characteristics of image morphology and their respective values.In textbook compilation,review,use,revision and feedback,different types of illustrations can be chosen according to the characteristics of learning objectives and disciplines,thereby effectively fulfilling the multiple educational functions of"aesthetically pleasing"and"educationally useful"textbook illustrations.

textbook illustrationrelationship between images and texttype of illustrationvalue of illustration

王丹艺、袁文、黄祥勇

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成都市教育科学研究院中学教育研究所 成都610036

成都市教育科学研究院 成都610036

北京师范大学教育学部 北京 100091

教科书插图 图文关系 插图类型 插图价值

人民教育出版社"十四五"规划2023年度重点课题

2023GHB04"

2024

全球教育展望
华东师范大学

全球教育展望

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.268
ISSN:1009-9670
年,卷(期):2024.53(10)