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公共卫生治理专家咨询制度的法治探寻

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专家咨询制度是公共卫生治理中提升科学理性的重要机制.专家咨询适用于专业性、技术性较强,涉及重大公共利益和具有高度争议性的决策事项.应探究行政任务与专家咨询形式之间的匹配性,在处于科学前沿并兼具高度政策考量的公共卫生治理领域,合议制咨询形式更具制度优势.应健全专家遴选机制,从专家个人资质和成员构成两个角度明确遴选标准,完善专家遴选程序.在专家咨询程序方面,应健全专家利益冲突回避制度,完善专家咨询会议制度和会议程序,专家咨询意见对行政机关不具备法律上的拘束力,但具有事实上的影响力.应构建专家咨询制度的监督机制,完善专家咨询公开制度,加强咨询专家的说明理由要求,激活司法审查的监督功能.
Exploration on the Rule of Law of Expert Consultation System in Public Health Governance
The expert consultation system is an important mechanism for promoting scientific rationality in public health governance.Expert consultation is applicable to decision-making matters that are highly profes-sional and technical,or involve significant public interests and are highly controversial.The compatibility between administrative tasks and expert consultation should be explored,and collegial consultation is more systematically advantageous in the field of public health governance,which is at the forefront of science and has a high degree of policy consideration.The expert selection mechanism should be improved.The selection criteria should be clarified from the perspectives of individual qualification and membership.The expert selec-tion procedure should be improved.In terms of expert consulting procedures,the expert conflict of interest avoidance system should be improved,and the expert consulting meeting system and procedures should be per-fected.The expert consulting opinions are not legally binding on the administrative organs,but they have de facto influence.The supervision mechanism of expert consultation system should be constructed,the public system of expert consultation should be improved,the requirement of justification of consulting experts should be strengthened,and the supervision function of judicial review should be activated.

Public health governanceexpert consultationexpert selectionexpert consultation procedureaccountability

宋华琳、郑琛

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南开大学法学院(天津 300350)

公共卫生治理 专家咨询 专家遴选 专家咨询程序 可问责性

国家社会科学基金重大项目

20&ZD188

2024

求是学刊
黑龙江大学

求是学刊

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.582
ISSN:1000-7504
年,卷(期):2024.51(2)
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