首页|Exploring Marine Cloud Brightening with a Reduced Complexity Model
Exploring Marine Cloud Brightening with a Reduced Complexity Model
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Throughout the industrial period,anthropogenic aerosols have likely offset approximately one-third of the warm-ing caused by greenhouse gases.Marine cloud brightening aims to capitalize on one aspect of this phenomenon to po-tentially mitigate global warming by enhancing cloud reflectivity through adjustments in cloud droplet concentration.This study employs a simplified yet comprehensive modeling framework,integrating an open-source parcel model for aerosol activation,a radiation transport model based on commercial computational fluid dynamics code,and as-similated meteorological data.The reduced complexity model addresses the challenges of rapid radiation transfer cal-culations while managing uncertainties in aerosol-cloud-radiation(ACR)parameterizations.Despite using an un-coupled ACR mechanism and omitting feedback between clouds and aerosols,our results closely align with observa-tions,validating the robustness of our assumptions and methodology.This demonstrates that even simplified models,supported by parcel modeling and observational constraints,can achieve accurate radiation transfer calculations com-parable to advanced climate models.We analyze how variations in droplets size and concentration affect cloud al-bedo for geoengineering applications.Optimal droplet sizes,typically within the 20-35-pm range,significantly in-crease cloud albedo by approximately 28％-57％across our test cases.We find that 45-pm droplets transmit about 29％more solar radiation than 25-pm droplets.Effective albedo changes require injection concentrations exceeding background levels by around 30％,diminishing as concentrations approach ambient levels.Considerations must also be given to the spray pattern of droplet injections,as effective deployment can influence cloud thickness and sub-sequently impact cloud albedo.This research provides insights into the feasibility and effectiveness of using a re-duced complexity model for marine cloud brightening with frontal cyclone and stratus cumulus clouds,and emphas-izes the need to also consider background droplets size and concentration than just meteorological conditions.
radiation transfer modelclimate change mitigationaerosol-cloud interactionsgeo-engineeringmarine cloud brighteningTwomey effect
Muhammad Mueed KHAN、Christopher RUNYAN、Shahzad BASHIR、Abdul Basit AMJAD
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Department of Mechanical Engineering,Carnegie Mellon University,Pittsburgh,PA 15213,USA
Department of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering,University of Waterloo,ONN2L 3G1,Canada
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