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3份橡胶树野生种质杂交子代早期鉴定初报

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为探讨巴西橡胶树野生速生种质在橡胶树新品种选育中的应用前景,2003~2005年连续采用优选的3份1981 'IRRDB野生种质XJA05583、XJA05664和XJA05164作为父本与我国自主选育高产无性系热研88-13进行人工杂交授粉,于2006年进行橡胶树有性系比试验.2010年对参试3个组合的287个子代进行茎围增粗、试割产量鉴定.结果表明,所有杂交组合的子代年平均茎围增粗均较快,其中2个杂交组合子代与对照RRIM600有极显著性差异;试割干胶产量总体表现较差,其中组合热研88-13 ×XJA05664和热研88-13×XJA05583分别有18株和2株高于对照平均,分别占各自组合的15.65%和1.66%,最终从参试材料中初选12株优良个体进入下一阶段试验.野生种质的速生性状能够较好地遗传给后代,且存在培育高产子代的潜力,其高效利用可考虑胶木兼优品种的选育.
Early Identification of the Hybrid Generation of Three Wild Hevea Germplasm
In order to investigate the application prospects of fast-growing wild Hevea brasiliensis germplasm in breeding program,the 1981'IRRDB germplasm XJA05583,XJA05664 and XJA05164 were selected as male parents crossed with high-yield clone Reyan 88-13 in 2003-2005.The girth growth and dry rubber yield of 287 progeny plants were surveyed in 2010.The result showed that mean girth of individuals grew faster,significantly greater than that of the control; the diy rubber yield of test tapping was significantly lower than that of the control,eighteen mating combination Reyan88-13×XJA05664 and two mating combination Reyan88-13×XJA05583 were higher than it,but only occupied 15.65% and 1.66%.Twelve individuals of them were selected as vigorous at girth growth and dry rubber yield.Wild germplasm can pass its fast-growing characters to its offsrpings in high frequency and show great potential of breeding high yielding offspring,so which can be considered as parents to select latex/timber clone.

Hevea brasiliensis1981'IRRDB germplasmHybridization pollinationGirth growthTest tappingDry rubber yield

李维国、张晓飞、黄肖、高新生、武耀庭

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海南大学农学院,海南海口 570228

中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 国家橡胶树育种中心 海南儋州 571737

琼州学院,海南三亚 572022

巴西橡胶树 1981'IRRDB种质 杂交授粉 茎围生长量 试割 干胶产量

国家天然橡胶产业体系农业部基本科研业务费

nyhyzx07-033-11630022013001

2014

热带作物学报
中国热带作物学会

热带作物学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.807
ISSN:1000-2561
年,卷(期):2014.35(10)
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