Experiment on Quality Optimization of Laser Cladding on 42CrMo Substrate and Numerical Simulation
Single-layer and multi-channel cladding layer specimens were prepared on 42CrMo substrate by coaxial powder feeding laser cladding technology.The effects of three laser parameters,including overlap ratio,laser power and scanning speed,on the macroscopic quality,microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC/H13 composite layer were investigated with 16 groups of orthogonal experiment and range analysis,tried to find optimal parameter collocation.The simulation of the laser cladding process was carried out by Simufact Welding software to study the influence of the preheating of the substrate on the number of cracks in the cladding layer.The cladding process was simulated numerically.The results show that the overlap ratio has the greatest influence on the macroscopic quality of the cladding layer,while the laser power and scanning speed has little influence on it.The microhardness of the cladding layer of the 16 groups of specimens is not very different which between 800 HV and 950 HV.It has a great improvement compared with the 560 HV of the substrate.The interaction of laser power and scanning speed controlled the dissolution of TiC particles which indicate that the uniform distribution of TiC in the cladding layer is beneficial to improve the microhardness of the cladding layer.Through the numerical simulation,it is found that the laser action on the substrate would have a preheating effect on the subsequent cladding,and the thermal stress of the cladding layer significantly reduces,which can verify that the preheating of the substrate is beneficial to suppress the generation of cracks.
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