摘要
基于国家电子商务示范城市建设的准自然实验,使用2010-2020年258个地级市面板数据和阿里淘宝村数据,构建多期DID、PSM-DID等模型,实证检验了国家电子商务示范城市建设对城乡收入差距的影响.结果表明:示范城市建设对农村和城市人均可支配收入分别提升15.1％和8.7％,有效缩小了城乡收入差距.机制分析发现:示范城市建设通过促进农村电商发展和带动中低技能就业缩小城乡收入差距.异质性分析得出:示范城市缩小城乡收入差距的作用主要体现在中小城市和南方城市,对大城市和北方城市作用效果不明显.鉴于此,建议在加强已有示范城市建设的基础上,增加中小城市试点,实现试点工作下沉到区县;北方城市要借鉴南方城市电商模式,完善农村地区配套设施,打造农村电商特色;组织公益性就业技能培训,提升农户就业水平.
Abstract
Based on the quasi-natural experiment of national e-commerce demonstration city construction,we construct multi-period DID and PSM-DID models using panel data of 258 prefecture-level cities and Ali Taobao village data from 2010-2020 to empirically test the impact of national e-commerce demonstration city construction on the urban-rural in-come gap.The results show that the construction of demonstration cities improves the per capita disposable income of rural and urban areas by 15.1％and 8.7％,respectively,and effectively reduces the urban-rural income gap.The mechanism analysis found that the model city construction reduced the urban-rural income gap by promoting rural e-commerce devel-opment and low-and middle-skilled employment.The heterogeneity analysis concluded that the effect of model cities in narrowing the urban-rural income gap was mainly reflected in small and medium-sized cities and southern cities,and the effect on large cities and northern cities was not obvious.This study provides the following implications:increase the pilot in small and medium-sized cities to realize the pilot work down to districts and counties;improve the supporting facilities in rural areas,and northern cities should learn from the southern cities'e-commerce model to create rural'e-commerce fea-tures;organize public welfare employment skills training to enhance the employment level of farmers.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据