The Temporal-spatial Differences and Influencing Factors of Water-Energy-Carbon System Efficiency in China
The paper uses the network DEA model to calculate the efficiency of China's inter-provincial WEC system from 2007 to 2021,then,based on the modified gravity model,a correlation network for the efficiency of China's WEC system is constructed.Social network analysis methods are applied to examine the overall and individual characteristics of the net-work,and QAP regression is used to explore the influencing factors of efficiency differences.Results show that:first,the o-verall efficiency of WEC shows a U-shaped trend,with the efficiency of the water resources subsystem and carbon emission subsystem being higher than the overall efficiency,and the efficiency of the energy subsystem being lower than the overall ef-ficiency.Second,the carbon emission efficiency shows a gradient change in spatial distribution that continuously increases from west to east.The efficiency in the eastern region is significantly higher than that in other regions,and the gap between the northeast region and other regions is expanding.Third,the network of the efficiency of WEC is connected well,with a U-shaped change in network efficiency and an inverted U-shaped change in network density.Shanghai and other provinces have a prominent position in the network,forming core areas such as the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing Tianjin Hebei.Fourth,economic development is the core influencing factor of inter-provincial efficiency differences;out-degree,in-de-gree,closeness,and technological investment have positive impacts,while betweenness and urbanization have negative im-pacts;and the impact of industrial structure has a phased nature.
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