At present,China has been in a period of deep low fertility level,and the characteristics of family size reduction and fewer children are increasingly prominent.At the same time,the fertility policy has been further adjusted and optimized,and the concept of eugenics has been widely recognized.Driven by gener-ally high educational expectations,more and more families have begun to spend more time and money on their children's education.Based on the data of the 2019 National Population and Family Dynamics Moni-toring Survey,this paper utilizes analytical methods such as multilevel models and seemingly unrelated regressions to study the status of education cost inputs for children in Chinese families and their influencing factors in the context of low fertility.The study finds that regional economic and educational development differences at the macro level and family socio-economic resources at the micro level are the reasons for the differences in education costs.Most of the regional differences in the cost of family education stem from differences in the composition of family and individual-level characteristics,with only the regional average number of years of schooling having an independent effect.Macro-factors also modulate the impact of micro-factors,accentuating various effects such as dilution and family resource advantages.The resource dilution effect still holds in the context of low fertility,but there is a phenomenon in which the economic cost of education for girls exceeds that for boys.There are commonalities and differences in the factors influ-encing economic and time costs.In terms of intra-family division of labor,mothers take on more responsibility for accompanying and educating their children,and there is a significant urban-rural difference in fathers'time cost input.In order to improve the problem of education costs faced by families,more targeted family support policies should be formulated in response to the characteristics of the differences in edu-cation costs for families in different regions and at different stages of education;Both parents should be advocated to participate in the process of raising and educating their children,so as to alleviate the pressure on mothers to raise and educate their children;The implementation of double reduction policy should be pushed forward to improve the allocation of education resources and optimize the provision of education services within the school,and to promote the equalization of education resources through multiple measures.
Family Education CostsResource DilutionGender DifferencesLow Fertility Rate
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据
