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三峡水库进出库水沙特征及其影响因素分析

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受气候变化和人类活动的影响,近年来三峡水库进出库水沙条件发生了很大变化。运用Mann-Kendall方法及小波分析方法,研究了三峡水库入出库主要控制站近60 a的实测径流量和输沙量时间序列。结果表明:进出库径流量存在减小趋势但减幅不大,入库输沙量明显减小;主要控制站径流量和输沙量序列均具有明显的多时间尺度特征,径流量和输沙量的第一主周期分别为12~28 a,15~25 a;水土保持、上游修建水利工程、河道采砂等人类活动是输沙量明显减小的主要原因,而其对径流量的影响相对较小。
Analysis of characteristics of inflow and outflow runoff and sediment in Three Gorges Reservoir and its influential factors
The runoff and sediment condition of Three Gorges Reservoir has changed significantly in recent years due to the effects of climate changes and human activities. The Mann-Kendall method and wavelet transform method are applied to analyze the annual runoff and sediment discharge data of the main controlling hydrological stations in recent 60 years. The results show that the runoff has a slight decreasing trend, while the sediment decreases sharply. Both runoff and sediment series of the main stations have an obvious properties of multiple time scale, the dominant period of runoff and sediment are 12-year to 28-year and 15-year to 25-year respectively. The impact of runoff changes on the sediment changes is small, while the soil and water conservation measures, construction of hydraulic engineering projects on upstream and the sand mining are the main causes for the sediment reduction.

runoff and sediment characteristicstrend analysisperiodic lawsinfluential factorsThree Gorges Reservoir

李海宁、张燕菁

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中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048

水沙特征 趋势检验 周期规律 影响因素 三峡水库

十二五支撑项目国家国际科技合作专项资助

2012BAB04B02-22014DFG72010

2015

人民长江
水利部长江水利委员会

人民长江

北大核心
影响因子:0.451
ISSN:1001-4179
年,卷(期):2015.(5)
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