Changes of water cycle elements and their ecological effects in source region of Changjiang River and Yellow River under climate change
The source regions of the Changjiang River and Yellow River have a significant impact on China's ecological security and regional development.Nowadays,the source regions of the two rivers are experiencing the process of climate change,and the key elements of the water cycle in the source regions are also varying under the influence of climate.What kind of ecological alter-ation have occurred in the source regions under the changes of climate and water cycle elements,and what is the current status of soil and water conservation has become a common concern.We summarized the basic changes of key water cycle elements and their ecological effects in the source regions under climate change by means of literature review.The results indicate that air tem-perature in the source regions increases significantly,and there are regional differences in precipitation trends;the melting of glac-ier and snow increases,and frozen soil thawing is intensified;there are differences in the trends of runoff variation in different re-gions.The vegetation cover of the source regions shows an overall increasing trend,with degradation of swampy meadow wetlands and alpine peat wetlands,while the number and area of lakes increases significantly.Under the combined effect of multiple fac-tors,the river sediment discharge in the source regions is stable or decreasing,the soil and water conservation condition is stable or improved.Uncertainty of future climate change makes the ecological pressure in the source regions still exist,and the vegetation and wetlands are at a risk of degradation.The systematic driving mechanism of river sediment transport which reflects the soil and water conservation status in the source regions is not clear enough,and the relevant research is still relatively scarce and need to be strengthened.
water cycle elementclimate changeecological effectsource region of Changjiang River and Yellow River
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