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堰塞湖应急抢险技术综述

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壅水量大、短时间溃决的堰塞湖是威胁公共安全的重大自然灾害.受资料匮乏、交通不便或完全中断、环境险恶、处置窗口期短等多种因素制约,高风险堰塞湖应急抢险难度极大,是当今世界极具挑战的工程技术难题.对堰塞湖应急抢险技术进行归纳与总结,对于提高堰塞湖防灾减灾技术水平十分必要.从堰塞湖漫顶冲刷溃决机理、风险辨识方法、应急抢险技术及施工技术装备等方面综述了堰塞湖应急抢险技术,可以为今后堰塞湖灾害的应急抢险提供理论、方法和技术装备支撑,同时也指出了现有应急抢险技术研究中的不足和仍需进一步发展的方向,可对今后相关研究起到一定的借鉴意义.
Review on emergency disposal techniques for barrier lakes
The barrier lakes with large backwater volume and short-term breaching are major natural disasters that threaten public safety.Emergency disposal of high-risk barrier lakes is exceptionally challenging due to factors such as limited data,dis-rupted transportation,hazardous environments,and a very short response time.It remains a formidable engineering challenge throughout the world.Summarizing emergency disposal techniques for barrier lakes to enhance disaster prevention and mitigation is indispensable.This study provided a comprehensive review on barrier lakes emergency disposal techniques,covering overflowing breaching mechanisms,risk identification methods,emergency disposal technologies,construction technologies and equipment.These insights aimed to offer theoretical,methodological,technical,and equipment support for future emergency response efforts related to barrier lake disasters.Additionally,we highlighted current shortcomings in emergency disposal technology research and suggested directions for further development.The research result can provide insights for future research in this field.

barrier lakeemergency disposaloverflowing breaching mechanismrisk identificationdisposal equipment

蔡耀军、徐轶

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长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北 武汉 430010

国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉 430010

堰塞湖 应急抢险 漫顶溃决机理 风险辨识 抢险装备

国家重点研发计划长江设计公司自主创新基金

2018YFC1508605CX2021Z61

2024

人民长江
水利部长江水利委员会

人民长江

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.451
ISSN:1001-4179
年,卷(期):2024.55(4)
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