基于下垫面结构的喀斯特地区洪涝演化特征研究
Characteristics of flood evolution in karst area based on underlying surface structure
谭红梅 1贺中华 2顾小林 3许明金 3王茂强 1杨树平1
作者信息
- 1. 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳 550001
- 2. 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳 550001;贵州省山地资源与环境遥感应用重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550001
- 3. 贵州省水文水资源局,贵州 贵阳 550002
- 折叠
摘要
为探究不同下垫面结构下喀斯特地区的洪涝演化特征,基于贵州省1980～2020 年降雨数据计算降水Z指数,利用系统聚类法划分贵州省下垫面结构,分析其洪涝时空演化特征,并探讨下垫面主导影响因子.结果表明:① 贵州省下垫面可划分为深切割岩溶较强发育谷地区、浅切割岩溶中等发育谷地区、深切割非岩溶洼地区、浅切割岩溶强烈发育谷地区.②1980～2020 年贵州省呈变涝趋势,大涝发生次数较多;空间上整体呈东南高、西北低的分布格局,以大涝、重涝偏多,但各亚区空间分布特征不同.③ 不同下垫面条件对洪涝影响由大到小依次为地形地貌>岩溶发育强度>地表切割深度;各级洪涝在不同下垫面条件下均出现概率性转移,转移现象较活跃.研究成果可为喀斯特流域防洪减灾提供参考.
Abstract
To investigate the characteristics of flood evolution in karst area under different underlying surface structure,based on the rainfall data of Guizhou Province from 1980 to 2020,a Z-index of precipitation was calculated,and the underlying surface structure of Guizhou Province was divided by using the systematic clustering method.The spatial and temporal evolution character-istics of flood and waterlogging were analyzed,and the dominant influencing factors of the underlying surface were discussed.The results showed that:① The underlying surface of Guizhou Province can be divided into deep-cutting karst strong development valley area,shallow-cutting karst medium development valley area,deep-cutting non-karst depression area,and shallow-cut-ting karst strong development valley area.② The flood in Guizhou Province showed a trend of more waterlogging from 1980 to 2020,with large floods occurring more;the spatial distribution pattern of the Z-index was high in the southeast and low in the northwest,with more large floods and severe floods,but the spatial distribution characteristics of the subregions were different.③The influence of each underlying surface condition on the flood was sequenced as topography and landform>karst development in-tensity>surface cutting depth.All levels of flood showed probabilistic transfer under different underlying surface structures,and the transfer phenomenon was active.The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for flood prevention and disaster mitiga-tion in karst basins.
关键词
洪涝演化/Z指数/下垫面结构/Morlet小波/状态转移概率矩阵/贵州省/喀斯特流域Key words
flood evolution/Z-index/underlying surface structure/Morlet wavelet/transfer probability matrix/Guizhou Province/karst watershed引用本文复制引用
基金项目
贵州省水利厅自然科学研究项目(KT202237)
国家自然科学基金(U1612441)
国家自然科学基金(41471032)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据