The main function of Pelton turbine injectors is to convert the pressure energy of the water flow into kinetic energy and form a high-speed jet.The quality of the high-speed jet directly effects the energy conversion efficiency of Pelton turbines.In this study,the meshless moving particle simulation method was used to numerically simulate the flow performance,the force characteristic on the needle tip,and flow distribution characteristic of the free flow surface of the injector outlet under different nozzle openings.The research results showed that as the nozzle openings increase,the flow discharge at the nozzle outlet gradually increased with a gradual descending increasing rate,and the hydraulic thrust on the tip of the needle gradually increased,moreover the jet flow at the nozzle outlet gradually diverged from the free flow surface,and its surface became rough.This is consistent with the hydraulic model test results,verifying the effectiveness of the method,and providing new ideas for the hydraulic designers of the Pelton turbines.This method can greatly improve the efficiency of hydraulic optimization design and has certain engineering application values.
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