黄河下游纵向不均衡调整现象研究进展与展望
Research Progress and Prospect of River Longitudinal Non-Equilibrium Adjustment in the Lower Yellow River
马子普 1吴保生 1张原锋 2薛源 1沈逸 1覃超 1张红武1
作者信息
- 1. 清华大学 水利水电工程系,北京 100084;清华大学 水圈科学与水利工程全国重点实验室,北京 100084;清华大学 水利部水圈科学重点实验室,北京 100084
- 2. 黄河水利委员会 黄河水利科学研究院,河南 郑州 450003
- 折叠
摘要
黄河下游河道存在明显的纵向不均衡调整现象,即河道沿程冲淤分布不均匀以及纵比降的调整等.不均衡调整现象研究是河床演变学的前沿,研究和解决相关问题不仅具有重要的科学意义,而且对抑制黄河下游河床抬升及悬河发展、保障下游河道防洪安全具有重大应用价值.梳理了黄河下游各类不均衡调整现象,回顾和总结了黄河下游河道纵向不均衡调整及"驼峰"现象的研究进展,阐述了涉及的科学问题.当前,对黄河下游纵向不均衡调整的形成机制还缺乏清晰认识,地形对不均衡调整的影响还不明确,溯源冲淤与沿程冲淤的影响还无法区分,侵蚀基准面的影响作用还无法量化;"驼峰"现象的研究仍以资料分析为主,对"驼峰"河段的迁移规律、响应机制及未来的演变趋势仍缺乏深刻的机理性认识.
Abstract
There exists significant longitudinal nonequilibrium adjustment phenomenon in the lower Yellow River,which is the uneven distri-bution of erosion and sedimentation along the river and adjustment of vertical slope.The research on the nonequilibrium adjustment phenome-non is a cutting-edge issue in the riverbed evolution.Studying and solving this issue not only has great scientific significance,but also has great practical application value in restraining the rise of the riverbed in the lower Yellow River and ensuring the safety of flood control.This study summarized the various types of nonequilibrium adjustment phenomena,reviewed the research progress on longitudinal nonequilibrium adjustment and"hump"phenomena in the lower Yellow River,and expounded the basic sediment science issues involved.At present,there is a lack of clear understanding of the formation mechanism of longitudinal nonequilibrium adjustment in the lower Yellow River,and the im-pact of terrain is not yet clear.The impact of upstream and downstream erosion and deposition cannot be distinguished,and the impact of ero-sion basis cannot be quantified.The study of the"hump"phenomenon is still mainly based on data analysis,and there is still a lack of deep understanding of the migration law,response mechanism and future evolution trend of the"hump"reach.
关键词
不均衡调整/"驼峰"现象/侵蚀基准面/溯源冲淤/黄河下游Key words
nonequilibrium adjustment/"hump"phenomenon/erosion basis/upstream erosion and deposition/Lower Yellow River引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据