摘要
2023年中国人权研究致力于求解人权的中国之问、世界之问、人民之问、时代之问.解答人权的中国之问,旨在确立中国人权发展道路的主体性.中国人权发展道路的本体论阐释了其生成的历史逻辑、理论逻辑和实践逻辑,中国人权道路的认识论展开了其生成的主体预设、理论构成和参照体系.破题人权的世界之问,旨在回答人权领域的"世界怎么了、我们怎么办".面对全球人权治理的严峻挑战,相关研究从总体策略、历史经验、价值引导和制度化参与等层面提出了中国方案.回应人权的人民之问,就是通过发展不断满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要.相关研究集中阐释了首要基本人权和最大人权的关系、普惠性人权和特定群体权益的关系、人权的宪法保障和法律保障的关系.求索人权的时代之问,就是适应人权的时代之变、契合人权的时代之需.相关研究聚焦于人权领域的新诉求,集中对数字人权、环境人权、气候与人权、工商业与人权展开论述.继往开来的中国人权研究应着力提升体系化和学理化水准,加快构建中国人权的学科体系、学术体系和话语体系.
Abstract
In 2023,China's human rights research aimed at addressing the"China's ques-tion,"the"world's question,"the"people's question,"and the"question of the times".Resolving the"China's question"on human rights sought to establish the subjectivity of China's path of human rights development.The ontological interpretation of China's path of hu-man rights development elucidated the historical,theoretical,and practical logic of its forma-tion,while the epistemological exploration unfolded the subject presuppositions,theoretical compositions,and reference systems of China's human rights path.Addressing the"world's question"of human rights aimed to answer how the world has changed in the field of human rights and what China should do in response.Faced with the severe challenges of global human rights governance,relevant studies proposed the"Chinese solutions"from the perspectives of overall strategy,historical experience,value guidance,and institutionalized participation,among others.Responding to the"people's question"regarding human rights meant continu-ously meeting the growing demands of the people for a better life.Relevant studies focused on explaining the relationship between fundamental human rights and maximum human rights,the relationship between inclusive human rights and specific group interests,and the relationship between constitutional and legal guarantees of human rights.Seeking answers to the"question of the times"concerning human rights involved adapting to the changing times and meeting the needs of the times in human rights.Relevant research focused on new demands in the field of human rights,particularly discussing digital human rights,environmental human rights,cli-mate and human rights,as well as industry,commerce and human rights.With profound past experiences and lofty future expectations,China's human rights research should focus on en-hancing systematic and theoretical levels,accelerating the construction of a disciplinary system,an academic system,and a discourse system for China's human rights.
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