人权2024,Issue(6) :90-110.

自动化行政中的个人信息治理

王明敏
人权2024,Issue(6) :90-110.

自动化行政中的个人信息治理

王明敏1
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作者信息

  • 1. 山东师范大学法学院
  • 折叠

摘要

个人信息等数据处理活动构成自动化行政的基础架构,在个人信息保护、数据安全和算法治理的多元法治要求下,此类行政活动的法律规制应以平衡个人信息利用与保护,促进个人信息高效、安全、有序流动,形成规范化的个人信息利用秩序作为价值目标,并构建体系化的公共治理机制.在反思型法视角中,自动化行政的个人信息治理应在外部规制的激扰下推动其自我规制.基本权利是政治系统与法律系统双重反思性的结构耦合,构成自动化行政的自我规制的宪法基础;个人信息保护制度和数字行政法是来自法律系统的外部规制,构成其法制基础,并为其提供场景化和类型化的治理思路.政务数据场景聚焦于个人信息处理活动的规范化治理,以公平信息实践原则为基本框架,以履行法定职责所必需为合法性基础.算法决策场景围绕算法正当程序原则构成其框架体系,明确信息主体的免受自动化决策拘束权及其权利行使机制,围绕前置性算法设计的程序法规制而建构公共算法中的信息流动秩序.

Abstract

Processing activities of data such as personal information constitute the infra-structure of automated administration.Under the multi-legal requirements in personal informa-tion protection,data security,and algorithm governance,the legal regulation of such adminis-trative activities shall pursue the value goal of balancing the use and protection of personal infor-mation,promoting the efficient,safe,and orderly flow of personal information,and forming a standardized order for the use of personal information,and build a systematic public govern-ance mechanism.From the perspective of reflective law,the personal information governance of automated administration shall promote its self-regulation under the stimulation of external regulation.Fundamental rights are a combination of dual reflective structures of the political sys-tem and the legal system,forming the constitutional basis for the self-regulation of automated administration.The personal information protection system and digital administrative law are ex-ternal regulations from the legal system,forming the legal basis and providing automated ad-ministration with scenario-based and classified governance ideas.The government data scenario focuses on the standardized governance of personal information processing activities.It takes the principles of fair information practice as its basic framework and the necessity to perform statu-tory duties as its legal basis.The algorithmic decision-making scenario forms its framework sys-tem based on the principle of algorithmic due process,which clarifies the information subject's right not to be subject to automated decision-making and the mechanism for exercising the rights.It establishes the information flow order in public algorithms based on the procedural law regulations of prior algorithm designs.

关键词

自动化行政/个人信息保护/场景规制/政务数据治理/算法决策

Key words

Automated Administration/Personal Information Protection/Scenario Regu-lation/Government Data Governance/Algorithmic Decision-making

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出版年

2024
人权
中国人权研究会

人权

CSSCICHSSCD
ISSN:1009-6442
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