Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Effective Microorganisms on Growth and Fruit Traits of Thick-skinned Melon
To explore the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application combining with effective microorganisms(EM)on the growth and fruit traits of thick-skinned melon,conventional fertilization(50 kg of compound fertilizer,500 kg of organic fertilizer,20 kg of potassium sulfate,20 kg of calcium,magnesium and phosphate fertilizers per 667 m2)was used as a control,and an scheme of EM replacing chemical fertilizer(20 L of EM,30 kg of compound fertilizer,500 kg of organic fertilizer,20 kg of potassium sulfate and 20 kg of calcium,magnesium and phosphate fertilizers per 667 m2)was set up,and the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application combining with EM on the growth,development,fruit traits and quality of different thick-skinned melon varieties were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the maximum plant height,stem diameter and leaf SPAD values of'Guimi No.12'applied with EM were 215.00 cm,9.93 mm and 39.17,respectively,which were all significantly higher than those of the control.Except for a significant decrease in cavity length(11.38 cm)and cavity width(6.74 cm),other traits such as single fruit weight,yield,flesh hardness,fruit length,fruit width,flesh thickness,navel flesh thickness and soluble solid content were significantly higher than those of the control.The plant height and stem diameter of'Beitian No.1'applied with EM were higher than those of the control,but the differences were variable at different stages.The maximum plant height,stem diameter,leaf SPAD value and leaf area were 193.67 cm,10.44 mm,37.62 and 990.38 cm2,respectively,but there were no significant differences compared with the control.The application of EM significantly increased the flesh hardness,fruit length,fruit width and central soluble solid content of'Beitian No.1'compared with the control,while the cavity length and cavity width were significantly reduced compared with the control.In conclusion,the partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with EM could promote the growth,yield and quality of thick-skinned melon,but the effects on different thick-skinned melon varieties were not consistent,and the promotion effect on'Guimi No.12'was more obvious.
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