Effects of Different Levels and Types of Topdressing with Drip Irrigation on Yield and Quality of Watermelon
In order to improve the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency in watermelon planting and explore the high-efficiency fertilizer application methods,using small-fruit type and red-flesh watermelon'L600'as experimental material,the effects of topdressing with formula fertilization amounts of flushing fertilizer(Jintudi,20-10-10),20％increase or 20％decrease of conventional chemical fertilization amounts and conventional chemical fertilization amounts(control)in watermelon planting were studied under the condition of integrated management of water and fertilizer,and the growth vigor,quality,yield and benefit of watermelon were compared.The results showed that under the condition of topdressing with formula fertilization amounts of flushing fertilizer,the growth vigor of watermelon plants was the best,the plant height and leaf area at the fruit expansion stage,yield and benefit of watermelon were all the highest with 249.17 cm,426.92 cm2,3 217.21 kg per 667 m2 and 17 082.5 yuan per 667 m2,respectively,which were significantly increased by 12.0％,19.0％,6.8％and 8.1％compared with the control,respectively.The quality of watermelon was better with the contents of central and marginal soluble solid with 13.2％and 9.8％,respectively,which increased by 0.7,0.9 percentage point compared with those of the control,respectively,and content of the marginal soluble solids was significantly different from that of the control.The growth vigor was better treated by 20％increase of conventional chemical fertilization amounts,whose yield of watermelon was 3 150.76 kg per 667 m2,significantly increased by 4.6％compared with the control,and the content of marginal soluble solids was the highest,which significantly increased by 1.0 percentage point compared with the control.The plant growth vigor and fruit quality of watermelon were the worst treated by 20％decrease of conventional chemical fertilization amounts,and the yield was the lowest,which was 2 580.41 kg per 667 m2 and significantly decreased by 14.3％compared with the control,and the content of central soluble solids decreased significantly by 1.3 percentage points compared with the control.In terms of watermelon production,it was recommended to use topdressing in drip irrigation with formula fertilization amounts of flushing fertilizer(Jintudi,20-10-10)of 64 kg per 667 m2,and the amount of topdressing with drip irrigation were 24,24,16 kg per 667 m2 at the vine spreading stage,the early stage of fruit expansion and the mid-stage of fruit expansion,respectively.
integration of water and fertilizerdrip irrigationwatermelontopdressingqualityyieldformula fertilizationflushing fertilizer
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