Ballistic gelatin was used as a soft tissue substitute for the human body to study the mechanical damage mechanism of fragments on the human body.Experimental research on the penetration of gelatin by spherical fragments was conducted using a 57/10 two-stage light gas gun as the driving device for the spherical fragment.An ultra-high-speed camera was utilized to capture the penetration process of gelatin by steel spherical fragments with diameters of 4 mm,5 mm,and 6 mm at speeds ranging from 600 m/s to 1150 m/s.Through image processing,the temporary cavity data of gelatin were obtained.The experimental results show that the spherical fragments form a temporary cavity upon penetrating the gelatin.The cavity diameter forms two phases of expansion and contraction over time,demonstrating a periodic change pattern.The spherical fragments and the gelatin target are approximated as a rigid body and a fluid model,respectively,based on the measured velocity-displacement decay relationship of the spherical fragments.The movement laws of spherical fragments with three diameters penetrating gelatin are quantitatively described.Additionally,the ratio of storage speed coefficients of spherical steel fragments is 29.90 mum-1.The velocity of gelatin penetration can be swiftly predicted based on the ratio of storage speed coefficients of spherical steel fragments.Furthermore,this ratio allows for the quick prediction of the relationship between penetration depth and penetration velocity during the penetration of ballistic gelatin by these fragments.The results can provide a reference for the in-depth analysis of the biological injury mechanism.
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