Analysis on Water Pollutant Characteristics of Key Bays in Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone
Land-based pollution is the main source of marine environmental pollution.Research on the water pollutant emissions in catchment area of a gulf is crucial for the green development of the gulf.This paper studied the current status,structural characteristics,and spatial distribution of water pollutant emissions in the catchment areas of key bays in Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone through comprehensive assessment and clustering analysis on water pollutant emissions.The results showed that the agricultural and domestic discharges were the main sources of water pollutants in the catchment areas of the Gulf.The water pollutant emissions of Lianzhou Bay and Maowei Sea accounted for nearly 70％of the total emissions of the entire research area,and the industrial emissions of the Qizhou Bay accounted for a higher proportion.The water pollutant emission intensity of each bay showed obvious stratification.The emission intensity of main pollutants in the bay area with higher urbanization rate and more developed industry was significantly lower than that in the bay area with lower urbanization rate and larger agricultural proportion.Therefore,except for strengthening the governance of livestock and poultry breeding pollution,aquaculture pollution and rural sewage,we should also pay attention to upgrade the industrial structure,product structure and green transformation,reasonably plan and control urban expansion,scientifically promote deep-sea discharge,and enhance the environmental carrying capacity to alleviate environmental pressure.
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