From"Opposition Between Two Zeitgeists"to"Clash of Methodologies":The Evolution of Research Paradigms on the Debate Between Humanism and Scholasticism
Research on the debate between humanism and scholasticism has undergone three paradigms in the western historical academia:the traditional school,the revisionist school,and the new revisionist school.In the late nineteenth century,the modernization narrative paradigm,influenced by Jacob Burckhardt,interpreted the debate as the opposition and conflict between two Zeitgeists.In the 1940s,the revisionist school,influenced by Paul Oskar Kristeller's theory on de-ideologized humanism,argued that Studia Humanitatis and Scholasticism were two independent but co-existing disciplines in the university,and there was no substantial conflict between them.In the 1970s,the new revisionist school,which was influenced by Hans Baron and Eugenio Garin,not only acknowledged the coexistence of the two sides during the Italian Renaissance,but also addressed the contradictions and conflicts arising from the methodological opposition between the two sides during the Northern Renaissance.These three research paradigms and their evolution reflect the close and complex relationship between the construction of Renaissance humanism and ideology in the western historical academia for more than a century.It is a result of the interaction between historiography and the times.
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