摘要
20世纪80年代后,美国政治经济史出现跨国转向.研究者关注美国历史中人员、货物、资本、思想和机构的跨国流动,在地区、国家与全球相互影响的视野下审视美国政治经济史,重新想象了政治经济史的空间划分与时间框架,由此带来了这一领域研究方法的跨国转向.跨国转向有助于我们重新理解过去被简化的、线性的现代化模式,审视政治、经济和文化在不同地区、以不可预测的方式交流的现代化进程.相关研究在勾画更复杂和细致的跨国网络的同时,也面临挑战.史学的跨国转向本身带有强烈"反例外主义"的倾向,强调的是一种"去美国中心"论.然而,"例外主义"作为一种意识形态在美国具有重要意义.在跨国政治经济史的研究中,研究者要考察地方的特殊性与跨国因素之间的复杂关联.
Abstract
Since the 1980s,there has been a transnational trend in the studies of American political-economic history.Focusing on the transnational flows of people,goods,capital,ideas,and institutions in American history,researchers have re-imagined the spatial divisions and temporal frameworks of American political-economic history in the context of regional,national and global interactions,thus bringing about a transnational turn in research methods in this field.This turn helps us to re-conceptualize the simplified,linear models of modernization of the past by examining modernization processes in which politics,economy,and culture communicate in different regions in unpredictable ways.While outlining a more complex and detailed transnational network,the research also faces challenges.The transnational turn in historiography itself has a strong anti-exceptionalism tendency,emphasizing a kind of de-Americanism,but it ignores the role and significance of"exceptionalism"as an ideology in the United States.In the exploration of transnational political-economic history researchers need to examine the complex linkages between local particularities and transnational factors.
维普
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