川西高原和攀西地区不同级别短时强降水环境参量特征对比分析

Characteristics of Environmental Parameters of Short-duration Heavy Rain in Western Sichuan Plateau and Panxi Region

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中文摘要：利用2010-2021年5-9月川西高原和攀西地区 62个国家级自动站逐小时观测资料及时间分辨率为 1 h的ERA5再分析资料,对比分析了两区域不同级别短时强降水发生发展过程中水汽、热力和垂直风切变等环境参量特征.结果表明:川西高原和攀西地区短时强降水主要集中在 6-8月,午后至前半夜是川西高原短时强降水的高发时段,攀西地区则表现出明显的夜雨特征.就川西高原而言,较好的水汽、热力条件和较强的垂直风切变、上升运动均有利于高级别短时强降水的产生;不同级别短时强降水的CAPE值差异显著,1100 J·kg-1 可作为判断是否出现 20 mm·h-1 以上短时强降水的参考阈值.就攀西地区而言,不同级别短时强降水在暖云层厚度、700 hPa比湿、700 hPa假相当位温、CAPE、0～3 km垂直风切变等环境参量的值域分布上均存在明显差异;当700 hPa比湿大于13 g·kg-1、CPAE值超过1100 J·kg-1、0～3 km垂直风切变达到10 m·s-1时,极易出现50 mm·h-1 以上的短时强降水.

外文摘要：Based on the hourly observational datasets reported by 62 meteorological stations and hourly ERA5 reanalysis in Western Sichuan Plateau and Panxi region from May to September during 2010-2021,the characteristics of environmental parameters such as wa-ter vapor,thermodynamic variables and vertical wind shear were investigated and contrasted in the occurrence and development of short-duration heavy rain under different intensities.Results showed that the short-duration heavy rain mainly occurred from June to August.The high occurrence period was from afternoon to the first half of night in Western Sichuan Plateau,and the feature of night rain was obvi-ous in Panxi region.The better water vapor and thermal conditions,stronger vertical wind shear and ascending motion were benefit for the higher intensity of short-duration heavy rain in Western Sichuan Plateau.The Convective Available Potential Energy(CAPE)of different levels of short-term heavy precipitation were significantly different,and 1100 J·kg-1 could be the value to judge whether or not the rainfall reached 20 mm·h-1.There were distinct differences in the distribute ranges of warm cloud level thickness,700 hPa specific humidity and potential pseudo-equivalent temperature,CAPE and 0～3 km vertical wind shear in the short-duration heavy rain under different intensities in Panxi region.The rainfall exceeding 50 mm·h-1 was caused easily when certain conditions were met,including the specific humidity at 700 hPa greater than 13 g·kg-1,CAPE over 1100 J·kg-1 and 0～3 km vertical wind shear attaining 10 m·s-1.

外文关键词：

Western Sichuan PlateauPanxi regionShort-duration heavy rainEnvironmental parametersERA5 reanalysis data

作者：

张武龙、杨康权、康岚、银航

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作者单位：

四川省气象台,成都 610072

高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室,成都 610072

关键词：

川西高原攀西地区短时强降水环境参量 ERA5再分析资料

基金：

国家重点研发计划中国气象局气象能力提升联合研究专项重点项目四川省重点研发计划四川省重点研发计划四川省重点实验室项目四川省重点实验室项目四川省重点实验室项目西南区域创新团队项目中国气象局创新发展专项中国气象局创新发展专项四川智能网格预报创新团队项目

项目编号：

2021YFC300090022NLTSZ0062022YFS05422022YFS0540SCQXKJZD202101SCQXKJYJXZD202101SCQXKJYJXMS202112XNQYCXTD-202202CXFZ2023J016CXFZ2024J013SCQXCXTD-202201

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.3969/j.issn.1674-2184.2024.02.009

高原山地气象研究

中国气象局成都高原气象研究所中国气象学会高原气象学委员会

高原山地气象研究

CSTPCD

影响因子：1.313

ISSN：1674-2184

年,卷(期)：2024.44(2)