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高等教育服务乡村振兴战略:内在逻辑、现实状况与扩展路径

Higher Education Serving Rural Revitalization Strategy:Internal Logic,Cur-rent Situation and Expansion Path

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乡村振兴事业所需要破解的人才技术瓶颈与大学服务社会的优势、动机、职责产生高度契合,成为高等教育服务乡村振兴的内在逻辑.现阶段我国高等教育服务乡村振兴呈现出政策驱动、高校参与的典型特征:通过特岗教师计划、公费师范生政策服务于乡村基础教育发展,通过面向农村的自学考试、一村一名大学生计划以及引导毕业生到基层工作的举措持续增加农村人力资本储备,通过农村和贫困地区专项招生计划、高校学生资助政策招收和培养农村户籍大学生,通过直属高校定点扶贫直接服务农村经济社会发展.在此基础上,引进与培育并举以为乡村振兴提供人才支撑、实施科技创新引领以推动农业科技成果转化与推广、完善人才培养模式以培养新型农业技术人才、拓展高校扶贫方式以缩小城乡居民收入差距、统筹与协调各种高等教育服务乡村振兴的政策并吸引社会力量积极参与其中,应成为高等教育服务乡村振兴的扩展路径.
The highly matching between the talent and technical bottlenecks that need to be overcome in the cause of rural revitalization and the advantages,motivations,and responsibilities of universities serving so-ciety has become the intrinsic logic of higher education serving rural revitalization.At present,China's higher education serving rural revitalization presents typical features of policy-driven and university partici-pation:through special post teacher programs and free normal education policy,it serves the development of rural basic education,continuously increasing the rural human capital reserve through self-study exami-nations for rural areas,the"one village,one college student"plan,and measures to guide graduates to work at rural communities.There are special enrollment plans for students from rural and poor regions and financial aid policies.Universities directly under the Ministry of Education have direct service to rural eco-nomic and social development for poverty alleviation.Based on this,the expansion path for higher educa-tion serving rural revitalization should involve introducing and nurturing talent to provide support for rural revitalization,implementing technology innovation leadership to promote the transformation and dissemi-nation of agricultural technology achievements,improving talent cultivation models to train new agricul-tural technology talents,enriching university poverty alleviation methods to narrow the income gap be-tween urban and rural residents,coordinating various policies and attracting social forces to actively partic-ipate in various services for rural revitalization.

孙涛

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东北师范大学教育学部

高等教育 乡村振兴 人才振兴

2017年度国家社会科学基金(教育学)一般项目

BFA170051

2024

四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)
四川师范大学

四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.64
ISSN:1000-5315
年,卷(期):2024.51(2)
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