The development of digital technology has not only changed people's lifestyles but also profoundly impacted traditional legal systems and litigation methods.Currently,digital litigation is being questioned due to its contradiction with some traditional litigation principles.Therefore,further research is required on whether to continue promoting the development of digital litigation and how.By examining the application of digital technology in litigation and referencing the classification proposed by some scholars,the author identifies three forms of digital litigation worldwide.Digital litigation 1.0 represents the initial stage where digital technology is integrated with traditional litigation,primarily digitizing some procedural aspects within the traditional litigation framework without fundamentally altering its basic mechanisms and rules.Digital litigation 2.0 originates from the digitization of disputes in the digital age and aims to handle disputes relying on digital technology through digital means,gradually breaking away from the constraints of traditional litigation principles.Digital litigation 3.0 signifies a revolutionary stage characterized by the extensive use of digital technology in evidence formation,review,and judgment.Disputes and litigation procedures are inherently intertwined with digital technology,and the concepts,principles,and specific litigation rules significantly diverge from traditional litigation.From the perspective of judicial entities,the utilization of artificial intelligence and big data management will become prominent features of this stage,inevitably influencing judges during the adjudication process,and possibly leading to the emergence of AI judges.Currently,both Digital litigation 1.0 and 2.0 exist,while Digital litigation 3.0 is still in its nascent stage,yet with immense potential for development.Presently,generative artificial intelligence technologies like ChatGPT are beginning to tentatively play a role in Digital litigations 1.0 and 2.0,but with further technological maturity,these technologies are likely to become significant pillars of Digital litigation 3.0.The three forms of digital litigation are different yet compatible,involving interchanging and iterative processes.During the iterative process of digital litigation forms,the means and concepts of achieving judicial justice are also evolving.Core values such as fairness,impartiality,and transparency remain unchanged,but the means of achieving judicial justice are undergoing transformations,and the concept of judicial justice is expanding and deepening in the digital age.Through continuous exploration and construction of the concept of judicial justice in the digital age,not only can legal systems be better adapted to the development of digital society,but it can also promote profound reflection on and innovative practices of traditional justice principles.
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