Qisong interpreted the core concepts of the Doctrine of the Mean by emphasizing Buddhism as the foundation and Confucianism as the practical application.He pointed out that in the Doctrine of the Mean,"nature"refers to the true self and purity;the emotions of"joy,anger,grief,and happiness"represent the power of transcending emotions,where the teachings of cultivating the Dao instruct individuals to control emotions with a pure nature;the essence of Doctrine of the Mean lies in"non-action"(emptiness);"sincerity"signifies the true self,emptiness,permeating through all things from beginning to end.The Doctrine of the Mean upholds the path of moderation and filial piety,aligning with the Buddhist concept of the"Middle Way"and filial piety,advocating for the integration of the Buddhist"Middle Way"and filial piety into the Confucian philosophy.Through the Buddhist interpretation of the core concepts of the Doctrine of the Mean,Qisong highlighted the intrinsic consistency between Confucianism and Buddhism.He also emphasized that Buddhist teachings on the nature of life and morality serve as the source of ethical life,asserting that Buddhism can be applied in governance and represents a fundamental field of study.Qisong's Buddhist interpretation of the Doctrine of the Mean not only promoted the Confucianization of Buddhism but also facilitated the acceptance of Buddhism among scholars and officials,offering valuable insights for the construction of a new Confucianism.