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"先学后教"论可以休矣

A Critical Review of the Paradigm"Learning Before Teaching"

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"先学后教"是近年来一种流行的教育主张."先学"的思想早已有之,在今天"学生中心"、"以人为本"等理念的加持下,"先学"被提升到与"教"并列甚至更高的位置.但中小学生的自主学习能力有限,在强调"学"的同时又忽视教师指导的情况下,"先学"的效果难言乐观.同时,"教"必须伴随着"学"同时发生,不存在单独的"教",自然也就不存在"后教",且很多知识的"教",并不需要有"先学"作为铺垫.教和学应该是统一活动,这种统一对于那些基础性、技能性的知识教学来说显得尤为困难.要实现这种统一,需要教师艺术化地引领学生的思维,让学生摆脱死记硬背、机械刷题的困境,做到以教促学.
"Learning before teaching"has become a popular educational concept in recent years.The idea of"learning first"has long existed,and with the support of concepts like"student-centered"and"people-oriented","learning first"has been elevated to a position equal to or even higher than"teaching".However,the self-learning abilities of primary and secondary school students are limited.Emphasizing"learning"while neglecting teacher guidance makes the effectiveness of"learning first"questionable.Additionally,"teaching"must occur simultaneously with"learning";there is no such thing as"teaching later"in isolation.Many aspects of"teaching"do not require"learning first"as a prerequisite.Teaching and learning should be unified activities,which is particularly challenging for foundational and skill-based knowledge instruction.To achieve this unity,teachers need to artistically guide students'thinking,helping them escape the pitfalls of rote memorization and mechanical problem-solving,thereby promoting learning through teaching.

周序、高睿婧

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北京师范大学教育学部

教学 自学 先学后教 教和学的统一

2024

四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)
四川师范大学

四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.64
ISSN:1000-5315
年,卷(期):2024.51(5)
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