Due to the critical traditions of"refined and substantial"and"knowing people and discussing the world",domestic academia has long had mixed evaluations of Sima Xiangru and his works.However,Western sinologists have proposed different viewpoints from domestic scholars.Firstly,the Chinese academic debate on Sima's"refinement or substance"is essentially a debate of being a"literary or Confucian".Therefore,although the content and writing intentions of Sima's fu do not typically reflect Confucian thought,this does not negate their literary aesthetic value,imagination,and creativity,nor does it provide a reasonable basis for undervaluing Sima's literary historical status.Secondly,the ethical criticism of Sima by Chinese scholars using the method of"knowing people and discussing the world"actually falls into the trap of the"intentional fallacy".Sima's literary historical status should not be affected by his personal moral flaws or the ethical issues in his works.To sum up,under the concept of"world literature",the understanding of Sima's literary historical status needs to be determined by his position in both"national literature"and"world literature",thereby establishing his place in the coordinate system of"literary classics".
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