Experimental study on the influence of the post-activation potentiation Effect on Run-up and step jump of elite male vault athletes in Shanxi Province
Objective:This study aimed to examine alterations in electromyography(EMG)and kinematic data of lower limb muscles in four elite male vault athletes from Shanxi Province following five sets of back squat stimuli at 90%of their one-repetition maximum(1RM)at varying knee angles(60°,90°,120°)and recovery durations(15s,4min,8min,12min,16min).The objective was to identify optimal stimulation conditions and methods for inducing post-activation potentiation effects in vault,specifically focusing on determining the most effective back squat knee angle and rest duration.These findings aim to provide recommendations for implementing post-activation potentiation effects in training and competition for gymnastics vault events.Methods:Two JVC GC-P100 cameras were utilized for three-dimensional fixed-point shooting of athletes'technical actions,followed by analysis using the APAS three-dimensional analysis system to acquire kinematic data.The Noraxon 16-lead telemetry myoelectric instrument was employed to measure myoelectric data of lower limb muscles(including the rectus femoris,lateral femoral muscle,medial femoral muscle,biceps femoris,gastrocnemius,and anterior tibial muscle),with subsequent data analysis.Results:Following five sets of 90%1RM back squat stimuli,significant enhancements were observed under the condition of back squat pre-stimulation at a 60° knee angle combined with a 4-minute recovery duration,with notable increases in kinematic data and iEMG values.Conclusions:Back squat pre-activation at knee angles of 60°,90°,and 120°,each performed for 5 sets at 90%1RM,resulted in significant enhancements in kinematic performance and iEMG values during the run-up and take-off phases for male vaulters.The stimulation at 60° knee angle demonstrated the most favorable effects.Opting for back squat pre-activation at a knee angle of 60°,followed by a 4-minute recovery period,led to the highest recruitment capacity of lower limb muscles,accompanied by a significant increase in muscle activity,peaking in both kinematic and iEMG indicators during vault.Both the run-up and take-off phases of vaulting benefited from back squat pre-activation,emphasizing its facilitative effect.
Post-Activation PotentiationVaultingBack SquatsStimulation ProtocolRecovery Time
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