Vitamin D3 requirement,absorption,transport and its relationship with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in aquatic animals
Vitamin D3 is an essential vitamin for aquatic animals and functions to maintain normal growth,devel-opment,and nutritional metabolism.Aquatic animals barely synthesize vitamin D3 in the body.Instead,they obtain vitamin D3 mainly from feed.To gain deep knowledge concerning mechanisms by which vitamin D3 regulates car-bohydrate and lipid metabolism in aquatic animals,we summarized dietary vitamin D3 requirement and its influen-cing factors,and illustrated vitamin D3 absorption,transport,metabolism and regulatory mechanisms,and the mechanism of vitamin D3 regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in aquatic animals.At present,studies are very limited on nutrition physiology,metabolism and regulation on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by vitamin D3 in aquatic animals,and many important scientific questions remain unresolved.In the future,it will be necessary to set up a unified standard evaluating"dietary vitamin D3 requirement of aquatic animals"and to target studies concerning mechanisms regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in aquatic animals,which will provide references for precise regulation of vitamin D3 nutrition physiology in aquatic animals.
aquatic animalsvitamin D3dietary vitamin D3 requirementcarbohydrate and lipid metabolismmolecular nutrition
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