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鞍带石斑鱼繁育群体的遗传多样性

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
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为了解人工养殖和选育活动对鞍带石斑鱼遗传多样性的影响。本实验采用微卫星分子标记技术，对广东、海南和福建 3 个省份共 5 个代表性采集点的鞍带石斑鱼繁育群体的遗传变异信息进行了研究。群体内遗传多样性分析结果显示，5 个群体等位基因(Na)的平均数目为 7。326(6。375～8。380)，观测杂合度(Ho)平均值为 0。711(0。625～0。775)，期望杂合度(He)平均值为 0。705(0。684～0。734)，多态性信息含量(PIC)平均值为 0。659(0。633～0。693)。其中，来自福建厦门翔安区的鞍带石斑鱼繁育群体遗传多样性最高。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果显示，5。36%的遗传变异来自群体间，95。45%来自所有个体间。群体间遗传分化指数(Fst)及遗传距离结果显示，GC(感城)和CP(长坡)群体聚为一支，再与AT(澳头)群体聚为一支，然后与XA(翔安)群体聚为一支，HL(湖里)群体独立为一支。通过系统进化树分析显示，鞍带石斑鱼繁育群体交叉在一起，没有形成明显的地理格局分布。总之，这三省五地的鞍带石斑鱼繁育群体遗传多样性较高，没有明显的驯化迹象。研究表明，鞍带石斑鱼繁育群体仍具有较高的遗传多样性，品种受亲本近交影响而出现衰退的可能性不高，可排除因遗传因素导致的品种病害频发及养殖成活率低的原因。本研究可为鞍带石斑鱼种质评价和人工选育提供理论依据。
Genetic diversity among breeding populations of giant grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus)
As the largest grouper species,the giant grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus)exhibits rapid growth and significant competitive advantages,hence playing a crucial role in the development of the grouper industry.To understand the impact of artificial breeding and selection on the genetic diversity of E.lanceolatus,microsatellite molecular marker technology was employed in this study to investigate the genetic variation in five representative breeding populations collected from Guangdong,Hainan,and Fujian provinces in China.Genetic diversity ana-lysis within the populations revealed an average number of alleles(Na)of 7.326(range:6.375-8.380),an average observed heterozygosity(Ho)of 0.711(range:0.625-0.775),an average expected heterozygosity(He)of 0.705(range:0.684-0.734),and an average polymorphic information content(PIC)of 0.659(range:0.633-0.693).Not-ably,the breeding population from Xiang'an District,Xiamen,Fujian exhibited the highest genetic diversity.Ana-lysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)revealed that 5.36%of the genetic variation was from between populations,while 95.45%was from between individuals.The genetic differentiation index(Fst)and genetic distance results indicated that the GC(Gancheng)and CP(Changpo)populations clustered together,joined by the AT(Aotou)population and then the XA(Xiang'an)population,with the HL(Huli)population forming a separate branch.The phylogenetic tree analysis showed overlapping of breeding populations without distinct geographical patterns.In conclusion,the breeding populations of E.lanceolatus in these three provinces exhibited high genetic diversity without evident signs of domestication.Overall,this study demonstrates that the breeding populations of giant grouper still maintain a high level of genetic diversity,with a low likelihood of decline due to inbreeding effects.However,the frequent occurrence of diseases and low survival rates in the breeding process may be attributed to imperfect artificial breeding techniques and inadequate aquaculture management.This research provides a theoret-ical basis for the genetic evaluation and artificial selection of E.lanceolatus.This study highlights the importance of maintaining genetic diversity within cultivated stocks to ensure the sustainability and productivity of aquacul-ture operations.Despite high genetic diversity observed,the management and traceability of breeding stocks need enhancement to safeguard against potential genetic bottlenecks.The findings underscore the need for ongoing genetic monitoring and responsible breeding practices in the preservasion of genetic health and viability of E.lanceolatuspopulations.

Epinephelus lanceolatusbreeding populationsimple sequence repeatsSSRgenetic diversitygenetic structure

龚师锐、王同、宋乐龄、杨扬、钟朝岳、陶宇浩、刘晓春

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中山大学生命科学学院,水产动物疫病防控与健康养殖全国重点实验室,广东省水生经济动物良种繁育重点实验室,广东广州 510275

农业农村部热带海水鱼种质创新与利用重点实验室,海南三亚 570000

南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海 519080

鞍带石斑鱼 繁育群体 简单重复序列 SSR 遗传多样性 遗传结构

国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金现代农业产业技术体系国家重点研发计划海南省院士团队创新中心

U22A2053132273132CARS-472022YFE0203900YSPTZX202122

2024

10.11964/jfc.20230614061

水产学报
中国水产学会

水产学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.148
ISSN：1000-0615
年,卷(期)：2024.48(4)
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