摘要
为探明胆汁酸与牛磺酸在大口黑鲈饲料中的互作效应,在基础饲料中分别添加0.03％胆汁酸(BA)、0.5％牛磺酸(Tau)和0.03％胆汁酸+0.5％的牛磺酸(BA+Tau),配制成4种等氮(粗蛋白46％)等脂(粗脂肪10％)的实验饲料,在室内循环系统饲养大口黑鲈(15.33±0.23 g)8周.结果显示,饲料中单独或联合添加胆汁酸、牛磺酸均显著改善大口黑鲈生长性能,降低血糖(GLU)、血清中甘油三酯(TG)和胆固醇(TC)含量及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)与谷草转氨酶(AST)活性.同对照组相比,实验组肝脏抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、GSH-Px)活性显著增加,而丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低.同时调节肝脏糖代谢基因(gck、pklr、pygl、pck1)以及脂代谢基因(cpt1、acaca)的mRNA表达水平,降低肝脂和肝糖原含量,明显改善肝脏的组织形态结构.此外,饲料中单独或组合添加胆汁酸、牛磺酸均显著提高肠道抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、GSH-Px)活性;下调肠道促炎细胞因子(il-1β、il-8和tnf-α)的相对表达水平,而二者组合还上调抗炎细胞因子(il-10、tgf-β)的相对表达水平.同时提高肠道紧密连接蛋白基因zo-1的相对表达水平,二者配伍还显著提高基因claudin-1、occludin-1的相对表达水平.而胆汁酸组血清D-乳酸(D-lac)含量和二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性显著低于对照组.研究表明,饲料中胆汁酸、牛磺酸单独或组合添加均能提高肝肠抗氧化能力、调节糖脂代谢和增强免疫功能,改善肝脏和肠道健康,进而促进大口黑鲈生长,且二者还表现出协同效应.
Abstract
Micropterus salmoides is a significant species in China's aquaculture industry,offering considerable economic benefits.Diet and nutrition are crucial for addressing various issues in the aquaculture of M.salmoides,including growth,health and disease resistance.Bile acids and taurine are bioactive substances that participate in various biological and physiological processes in animals.To investigate the synergistic effects of bile acid and taurine in the M.salmoides diets,four isonitrogenous(46％)and isobaric(10％)experimental diets were designed respectively by adding 0.03％bile acid(BA),0.5％taurine(Tau),and 0.03％bile acid+0.5％taurine(BA+Tau)to the basal diet.M.salmoides,with an initial weight of(15.33±0.23)g,were reared in an indoor recirculating sys-tem for 8 weeks.The result indicated that the growth performance of M.salmoides significantly improved with the addition of bile acid and taurine,whether used separately or combined,while also reducing serum glucose(GLU),triglycerides(TG)and cholesterol(TC)levels,and activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST).Compared with the control group,the experimental group exhibited a signi-ficant increase in liver antioxidant enzyme activities—superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)—and a decreased malondialdehyde(MDA)levels.Additionally,mRNA expression of lycometabolic genes(gck,pklr,pygl,pck1)and lipid metabolism genes(cptl,acaca)in liver was regulated.Additionally,it decreased liver lipid and glycogen content and notably enhanced the hepatic histomor-phological structure.It significantly increased the activity of intestinal antioxidant enzymes(SOD,CAT,GSH-Px)and reduced the relative expression levels of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-1β,IL-8,and TNF-a).Fur-thermore,it elevated the relative expression level of the intestinal tight junction protein gene zo-1,and the bile acid and taurine combination notably upregulated claudin-1 and occludin-1.Moreover,the content of D-lactic acid(D-lac)and diamine oxidase(DAO)activity in serum in the bile acid group were significantly lower than those in con-trol group(basal diet).In conclusion,supplementing feed with bile acid and taurine,either individually or in com-bination,enhances liver and intestinal antioxidant capacity,modulates glycolipid metabolism,boosts immune func-tion,and fosters the growth of M.salmoides.The combination of bile acids and taurine exerts a synergistic effect on M.salmoides.
基金项目
重庆市现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CQMAITS202315)
重庆市水产科技创新重点攻关项目(CQFTIU2024)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据