摘要
目的:探讨循证理论的中医特色护理对自发性气胸合并肺大疱患者的术后影响.方法:选取我院2021年3月—2022年 5月期间接受手术治疗的 60例自发性气胸合并肺大疱患者为研究对象,术后根据护理措施不同分为观察组和对照组.对照组(n=30)采用常规护理干预,观察组(n=30)采用基于循证理论的中医特色护理措施干预.护理后观察效果,包括术后不良事件发生率(引流导管阻塞、肺部感染、术后脱管)、住院时间、下床活动时间、胃肠道功能恢复时间,护理满意度及干预前后各项评分(疼痛评分、精神健康评分、舒适感评分、呼吸功能评分)变化,测定患者干预前后肺功能指标变化(通气储量、第 1 s用力肺活量、呼气峰值流速、第 1 s用力呼吸容积与用力肺活量的比值)等,将研究涉及数据资料纳入统计学表格进行对比分析.结果:观察组术后不良事件发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组住院时间、下床活动时间、胃肠道功能恢复时间均短于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组护理满意度高于对照组(P＜0.05).干预前,2组疼痛评分、精神健康评分、舒适感评分、呼吸功能评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).干预后,观察组疼痛评分、精神健康评分、舒适感评分、呼吸功能评分均优于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).干预前,2组通气储量、第 1 s用力肺活量、呼气峰值流速、1 s用力呼吸容积与用力肺活量的比值对比,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).干预后,观察组通气储量、1 s用力肺活量、呼气峰值流速、第1 s用力呼吸容积与用力肺活量的比值均优于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:基于循证理论的中医特色护理在自发性气胸合并肺大疱患者术后应用中效果显著,可充分利用中医特色护理改善患者的身心状态,使其以良好状态面对预后,且不良事件发生风险较低,建议临床推广.
Abstract
Objective:Exploring the postoperative effects of evidence-based traditional Chinese medicine nursing on patients with spontaneous pneumothorax combined with pulmonary bullae.Methods:Sixty patients with spontaneous pneumothorax combined with pulmonary bullae who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2021 to May 2022 were selected as the research subjects,after surgery,the patients were divided into an observation group and a control group based on different nursing measures.The control group(n=30)received routine nursing intervention,while the observation group(n=30)received traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing interventions based on evidence-based theory.Observation of postoperative nursing outcomes,including incidence of adverse events(drainage catheter obstruction,pulmonary infection,postoperative extubation),length of hospital stay,time to get out of bed,and time to recover gastrointestinal function,changes in nursing satisfaction and various scores(pain score,mental health score,comfort score,respiratory function score)before and after intervention,measure changes in lung function indicators before and after patient intervention(ventilation reserve,forced vital capacity at 1 second,peak expiratory flow rate,ratio of forced respiratory volume at 1 second to forced vital capacity),etc.Incorporate research data into statistical tables for comparative analysis.Results:The incidence of postoperative adverse events in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the differences was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The observation group had shorter hospital stay,mobilization time,and gastrointestinal function recovery time compared to the control group,the differences between groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Before intervention,there was no difference in pain score,mental health score,comfort score,and respiratory function score between the two groups(P＞0.05).After intervention,the observation group had better pain scores,mental health scores,comfort scores,and respiratory function scores than the control group,the differences between groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Before intervention,there was no difference in the comparison of ventilation reserve,forced vital capacity at 1 second,peak expiratory flow rate,and the ratio of forced respiratory volume at 1 second to forced vital capacity between the two groups(P＞0.05).After intervention,the observation group had better ventilation reserve,1-second forced vital capacity,peak expiratory flow rate,and the ratio of 1-second forced respiratory volume to forced vital capacity than the control group,the differences between groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The application of traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing based on evidence-based theory in postoperative patients with spontaneous pneumothorax combined with pulmonary bullae has significant effects.Traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing can be fully utilized to improve the physical and mental state of patients,enabling them to face prognosis in a good state with a low risk of adverse events.It is recommended to promote clinical practice.
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