Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments from the coastal areas of Huanghua
In order to understand the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments from the coastal areas of Huanghua,the contents of major heavy metals in surface sediments were investigated in 2020.Furthermore,the contamination factor,the modified degree of contamination index,and the Hakanson's potential ecological risk index,combined with Geographic Information System(ArcGIS)spatial analysis,were used to evaluate the pollution level and potential ecological risk of the heavy metals.The results showed that the average heavy metal content in the surface sediments of the study area decreased in the order of Zn(74.95 mg/kg)>Cr(56.40 mg/kg)>Cu(21.11 mg/kg)>Pb(17.11 mg/kg)>Cd(0.24 mg/kg)>Hg(0.08 mg/kg).The level of heavy metal pollution followed the decreasing order of Cd>Hg>Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb.The pollution indices of Cu,Pb,Cr,and Zn showed a low to moderate pollution level,whereas Hg and Cd exhibited a moderate to severe pollution level.The heavy metals in the surface sediments of the study area exhibited a none to moderate pollution status.The potential ecological risks of heavy metals in the surface sediments from the study area showed a decreasing order of Hg>Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr,with Cu,Pb,Cr,and Zn posing low ecological risks,while Hg and Cd presenting higher ecological risks,which were the main elements causing potential ecological risks in the surface sediments from the study area.The sources of heavy metals in the surface sediments were relatively complex.Cu,Pb,and Cr in sediments were mainly from natural sources.Industrial and port activities around Huanghua were the main sources of Hg,Cd,and Zn pollution in the coastal areas of Huanghua,and were also the main factors leading to higher comprehensive potential ecological risks in a certain region of the study area.
the coastal areas of Huanghuasurface sedimentsheavy metal pollutionecological risk assessment
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