Food safety directly affects national security and stability and people's physical and mental health.Food inspection and identification technology plays an important role in the fixed evidence of illegal and criminal cases in the field of food.In recent years,the application of nanomaterials can make food detection more efficient,simple and sensitive.This article mainly introduces the application of nanomaterials in food detection identification research from the nano-materials modified electrochemical sensor,fluorescent nanomaterials and fluorescent dye of adapter body sensors and nanometer surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy technology,respectively.At last,the development and trend of nanometer technology in food detection are summarized and prospected.