Research Progress on the Impact of Carrier Materials on the Operation of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Processes
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation process(Anammox)is suitable for treating wastewater with the characteristics of high temperature,low carbon-nitrogen ratio and high ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N)concentration.However,problems such as sensitivity to environmental changes,poor ability to withstand changes in water conservancy conditions,and low resistance to toxic substances limit the promotion and application of the Anammox process.In order to understand the impact of carrier materials on the operation of the Anammox process and explore the mechanism of enhancing the denitrification efficiency of the Anammox process,the effects and mechanisms of mainstream carrier materials in enhancing the denitrification efficiency of the Anammox process were reviewed,and the limitations of carrier materials enhancing the denitrification efficiency of the Anammox process was discussed.The results showed that carriers such as plastics,non-woven fabrics,biochar,and embedding materials provided a good habitat for Anammox microorganisms,reduced the total sludge loss in the Anammox reactor,and regulated the ratio of nitrite nitrogen(NO2--N)and N H4+-N,promoted the enrichment of Anammox microorganisms,stimulated the production of extracellular secretions,improved the efficiency of extracellular electron transfer,and improved the stress resistance of Anammox microorganisms to enhance the denitrification efficiency of the Anammox process.At present,most research on carrier materials is still limited to the laboratory stage,and experiments have not been carried out under real working conditions.In the future,research should be carried out under real working conditions on the impact of use time on the stability of carrier materials,the impact of different carrier materials on the physiological activities,community structure,and metabolic pathways of Anammox microorganisms,and the impact of carrier material components on water effluent indicators and subsequent processes.
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