"主观主义阐释"的批判:重申质性研究的知识客观性
The Critique of"Subjectivism Interpretation":Reaffirming the Epistemic Objectivity of Qualitative Research
刘铖1
作者信息
- 1. 南京大学教育研究院(南京210023)
- 折叠
摘要
主观性和客观性之间的"对立"导致量化研究和质性研究范式之间的持久争论.部分质性研究者往往寄希望于彰显质性研究独特的主观性成分——一种主张主观阐释的"表现性逻辑"——来消解质性研究所遭受的"诟病".然而,在实际研究操作过程中,过度的"表现性逻辑"往往会掩盖主张严谨证实(或证伪)的"明证性逻辑",带来"过度阐释"和"强制阐释"问题,遮蔽作为学术研究"第一使命"的理论知识生产,带来知识的相对主义,消解学术共同体的知识对话空间.为此,质性研究不宜过度推崇研究过程中的"表现性逻辑",需要对阐释主义中的主观主义面向保持一种自我批判,把握"阐释的限度",寻求阐释的"公度",并尽量追求差异性和证伪性的理论对话,以迈向"明证性逻辑",重新构筑起自身的知识客观性基石,消解研究范式之间的紧张对立.
Abstract
The"opposition"between subjectivity and objectivity has resulted in persistent de-bates between the quantitative and qualitative research paradigms.Some qualitative researchers often aspire to showcase the unique subjective elements of qualitative research—a form of"expressive log-ic"advocating subjective interpretation—to address the criticisms faced by qualitative research.How-ever,in the actual research process,excessive reliance on"expressive logic"often obscures the"convinced logic"of rigorous confirmation(or falsification),leading to issues of"over-interpretation"and"forced interpretation,"masking"the primary mission"of theoretical knowledge production in a-cademic research,fostering relativism in knowledge,and undermining the knowledge dialogue space within the academic community.Therefore,qualitative research should not excessively uphold the"expressive logic"in the research process;there is a need for self-critique regarding the subjective aspect of interpretivism,understanding the"limits of interpretation,"seeking the"consensus"of in-terpretation,and striving for theoretical dialogues of differentiation and falsifiability to move towards"convinced logic,"thereby reconstructing its own foundation of knowledge objectivity and dissipating the tense opposition between research paradigms.
关键词
质性研究/主观主义/理论对话/知识实在论Key words
qualitative research/subjectivism/theoretical dialogue/epistemological realism引用本文复制引用
基金项目
全国教育科学规划课题教育部重点课题(DEA190355)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据