The Real Conflicts of Negotiated Evaluation and Their Adaptation——An Examination Based on Stakeholder Theory
Negotiated evaluation transcends the limitations of traditional assessment models,which often lack interaction,thereby establishes a new evaluative paradigm characterized by dia-logue,diversity and interactivity.Drawing on stakeholder theory,which emphasizes multi-actor thinking,collaborative reasoning,and win-win cooperation,the stakeholders in negotiated evalua-tion can be divided into participants with direct and indirect impact.Due to the varying demands of different stakeholders,the negotiated evaluation theoretically encounters threefold conflicts:first,power imbalances lead to unequal participation in evaluation decision-making;second,differences in value orientations result in the multiplicity of evaluation objectives;and third,disparities in knowledge structures lead to diverse interpretations of evaluation criteria.To effectively implement negotiated evaluation,it is crucial to reconstruct evaluation power dynamics,build a consensus on values;establish consensus-based evaluation objectives;and define context-appropriate evaluation standards.
negotiated evaluationstakeholder theoryevaluation powerdialogueevaluation theory
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