From the Other to the Self:Byung-Chul Han on the Transformation of Neoliberalism's Governmentality
With the rise of the modern welfare state and the rapid development of capitalist productive forces,the revolutionary impact of western Marxism has been weakened,and Foucault's theory of life power has fallen short in elucidating the intricate power structure of modern society.Byung-Chul Han,a new generation of German thinker,believes that neoliberalism,a variant of capitalism,has entered the spiritual political field from the field of life politics.Neoliberalism's Governmentality is undergoing four-fold transformations:first,from allo-exploitation to auto-exploitation;second,from life power to spiritual power;third,from negative Gewalt to positive Gewalt;fourth,from panopticon to aperspectival panopticon.These transformations converge around a central theme:a movement from"the Other"to"the Self".The transformation of neoliberalism governance poses numerous challenges.While Byung-Chul Han's insights offer a profound perspective,they also exhibit shortcomings,including a lack of a practical roadmap for implementation.
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