Marxist Research on Agrarian Questions and Its Localization in China:Theoretical Genealogy,Empirical Turn and Value of the Times
Since its inception in the 19th century,Marxist research on agrarian questions has accumulated a wealth of theoretical insights into the agricultural transformations that have occurred in both China and the West.Taking the framework of"farmland-agriculture-famers-rural areas",we have reviewed the evolution of Marxist research on agrarian questions and its localization within the Chinese context.It is found that early Western Marxist researchers scrutinized the transformations in European agrarian questions in the 18thand 19th centuries,and concluded that the centralization of farmland,the capitalization of agriculture,the proletarianization of farmers,and the separation of urban and rural areas were the inevitable results of capitalist development.Early Chinese Marxist researchers,through intensive rural investigations,attempted to find a solution to the overall crisis in the rural areas in the old China,and concluded that the unequal distribution of land,the oppressive tenancy and taxation systems,and class divisions among farmers were the primary obstacles hindering rural development.They advocated for an agricultural revolution to break up the feudal landholding structures and production relations.Today,contemporary Chinese Marxist researchers,from the background of the ongoing modernization of agriculture and rural areas in the new era,have evaluated the classical Marxist research on agrarian questions and the judgment of peasant economy on agricultural transformation.They explore topics such as land tenure systems,the dynamics driving agricultural transformation,the stratification of farmers,and the development trend of the countryside.Even in the context of the comprehensive rural revitalization strategy,Marxist agricultural ideas continue to resonate with the realities of China's agricultural and rural modernization efforts,and therefore,attention should be paid to discovering its value in guiding contemporary policies addressing the"Three Rural Issues".
Marxist agrarian questionslocalization in Chinatheoretical genealogyempirical turnvalue of the times
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